CORONAVIRUS: The Four (4) Human Endemic Coronaviruses.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses. There are four (4) human coronaviruses (HCoVs) distributed across 2 genogroups: 

Alphacoronaviruses -HCoV-229E - Along with Human coronavirus OC43 (a member of the Betacoronavirus genus), it is one of the viruses responsible for the common cold.

- and HCoV-NL63 - The virus is found primarily in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory illness. It also has a seasonal association in temperate climates. A study performed in Amsterdam estimated the presence of HCoV-NL63 in approximately 4.7% of common respiratory illnesses.[4] The virus originated from infected palm civets and bats

 Betacoronaviruses - HCoV-OC43 - Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) is a member of the species Betacoronavirus 1, which infects humans and cattle. The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus which enters its host cell by binding to the N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid receptor

- and HCoV-HKU1 - Human coronavirus HKU1 is a species of coronavirus in humans. It causes an upper respiratory disease with symptoms of the common cold, but can advance to pneumonia and bronchiolitis. It was first discovered in January 2004 from one man in Hong Kong. 

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References:

1. Frimwood, Keith et al. Endemic Non-SARS-Co-V2 Human Coronavirus in Community-based Birth Cohort. Discover Pediatric Collections on COVID-19 and Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health. AAP News and Journals Gateway. https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/146/5/e2020009316